All these small campanulas have masses of bell-shaped flowers, in the blue / purple / white colour range, in mid or late summer. Most of the small species are plants for sunny, well-drained positions on rockeries or raised beds, and many can be grown in walls by scattering seed. Some have a distinct preference for limestone, and a few need to avoid winter wet. See also Adenophora and Edraianthus for some related species, and Codonopsis for some climbing relatives. Also Cyananthus for some fine, low plants with trailing stems.

Campanula ephesia has wonderful flat rosettes of silvery grey hairy leaves, and when the time to flower arrives it sends up a relatively tall, branched stem, with huge pale blue flowers, which continue over several months. It grows in vertical crevices in walls, or on the flat with the protection of an alpine house. Monocarpic, but we throw seed at a wall, where it continues to flourish. The name can't be guaranteed, partly because published descriptions vary so much.